Allergic Rhinitis

Signs and Symptoms
Treatment Options
Complications
Lifestyle Modifications
Triggers

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Sneezing.
Conjunctivitis.
Dark circles under the eyes.
Dennie-morgan line or puffy eyelids.
Nasal crease and salute.
Long face syndrome: a disorder to which the face grows in an excessive amount in the vertical dimension.
Allergic shiners.
Itchy nostrils, palate or ears.
Nasal obstruction or congestion.
Rhinorrhoea or postnasal drip.

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Intranasal corticosteroids: can be available over the counter.
Antihistamines.
Decongestants.
Nasal steroid sprays: takes several days to fully take effect.
Leukotriene pathway inhibitors.
Immunotherapy: can help achieve long term control.

COMPLICATIONS

Otitis media with effusions.
Decreased quality of life.
Long face syndrome.
Sinusitis.

LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS

Try to avoid triggers
Avoid using fans which can draw pollen, moulds or dust into the house
Wear sunglasses or normal glasses to protect your eyes from outdoor irritants
If you are working in your garden, wear a pollen mask and take appropriate prophylactic medication beforehand
Try to hang your clothes indoors instead of outdoors to dry to prevent outdoor irritants clinging onto the clothing, especially towels and sheets
Avoid rubbing your eyes when they are irritated
Wash your hands after touching pets and wash clothes after visiting homes of friends who have pets
Limit outdoor activities and keep windows and doors closed as much as possible during pollen seasons
Remove carpets from the bedroom
Try and keep the pets off furniture, out of your bedroom and try to have them washed weekly
To kill dust mites, wash bedding in hot water

TRIGGERS

Outdoor irritants such as grass, pollen, trees, weeds, dust, etc.
Indoor allergens such as pet dander, pet hair, dust mites, mould, etc.
Cigarette smoke, strong perfumes, exhaust fumes.

Medical References

September 27, 2021 | Categories: Health Conditions A-Z, Allergies

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